Extended Marketing Mix Essays

Broadened Marketing Mix Essays Broadened Marketing Mix Essay Broadened Marketing Mix Essay Article Topic: Broadened Propelled on third of October 2009 by the McLaren’s Group which has been a name with extraordinary energy towards improvement of engine athleticss in Sri Lanka. Speed Drome ( Pvt ) Ltd. is each Pro/Go-karter’s Eden on Earth. Situated in the midst of green touching area in close propinquity to the parliament composite and Buddhadasa play land in Battaramulla. Speedrome is a to the full prepared and expertly fitted race way which incorporates 19 go-karts. modernized planning and hiting frameworks. expertly prepared staff. assigned observer nations and cooled VIP exhibition. just for the enthusiasm of providing their customers with the best experience that they can offer. Go-karting might be Speed Drome’s boss product yet they haven’t halted at that place each piece far as the entertainment aspect is concerned. with an athleticss cantina and a luxurious couch. These two additional administrations are given to customers to have gatherings or any corporate occasions. Speed Drome other than has taken a venture in providing a pool to give to spoting corporate officials and prominent ways of life. With respect to the little childs. Speed Drome has taken the self-rule of making a kiddies race way every piece great. To set it simply. Speed Drome purposes to be non just an alluring power for Pro/Go-kart sweethearts everyplace except other than to gracefully the full family unit with recreation exercises and diversion. Speed Drome has increased a lot of notoriety ever since its dispatch. with a display kart race in which the commitment of Yoshitha Rajapaksa. Aravinda De Silva the previous cricketer who is an intense devotee of engine cars alongside the woman race driver S. A. Lakshika and Jackson Anthony were noted. Karting titles, for example, Speed Drome All Island Karting Championship Rounds 1-3 hotshot accurately what Speed Drome is about each piece numerous expert articulation one drivers take partition in these rivalries displaying the existent achievement associated with Go/Pro-karting. while pulling considerably increasingly potential customers and taking to other karting titles. At last the major in addition to point for Speed Drome is the way that it is the 1 and simply Go/Pro-Karting establishment in Sri Lanka up 'til now and with its additional advantages Speed Drome’s in the future appears to be extremely productive with all the important standards being kept up. The Extended Marketing blend 1. Product In a help association. the product is alluded to the administration being conveyed to the shopper which is elusive. indivisible. variable and short-lived. The speed Drome ( Pvt ) Ltd. ( Appendix 1 ) offers an arrangement of administrations which can be clarified in footings of delight. recreation and experience. Their boss point of convergence is on providing their customers with the experience of existent Pro-Kart dashing ( Appendix 2 ) and in add-on to that other beguilement and relaxation administrations are other than given, for example, the Kiddies way. ( Appendix 3 ) the athleticss cantina ( Appendix 4 ) and the pool ( Appendix 5 ) alongside the Epicurean Lounge ( Appendix 6 ) . The idea of the administration in footings of: Immaterialness: True administrations are impalpable. In this way when you leave Speed Drome there is only one memory or the experience that remaining parts. which is siting a genius kart at the solitary accessible topographic point in Sri Lanka. A few components are touchable, for example, the karts utilized. the swim pool and so forth . be that as it may, the core advantage of the buy is non. furthermore, that is the sheer understanding of siting an expert kart and encountering its speed. Indistinguishability: The administration gave by Speed Drome is indivisible as the physical nearness of a customer is crucial in this administration. In any case. with the guide of its physical assets the general assistance takes topographic moment that simply the shopper that is the individual keen on siting a professional kart meets the administration provider. Perishability: Karting or some other help gave by the organization must be devoured when advertised. It can non be created now for ingestion at a ulterior stage/cut nor would they be able to be held or loaded on the grounds that the estimation of this administration exists right when it is required. Inconstancy: This administration is amazingly factor since Speed Drome is the solitary assistance provider for kart hustling in Sri Lanka by and by. It has its extremely ain normalized quality which can non be contended with another signifier of delight administration. as it gives an interesting and an uncomparable encounter. The previously mentioned highlights characterize the administrations they give which draw in childs and veteran drivers in like manner. 2. Money related worth Pricing is one of the a large portion of import selling blend conclusions and it is the solitary selling blend variable that produces grosss. Speed Drome ( Pvt ) Ltd. is a net gain and cost situated association. Their main points are to: * Maximize their total compensations. * Achieve an imprint return on contributing. * Recover contributing expenses over a particular clasp period And to. * Generate volume in order to drive down expenses. Speed Drome doesn’t seek after the position quo or net incomes arranged points as it is the solitary association represents considerable authority in this specific industry in Sri Lanka. Because of a similar ground Speed Drome follows the money related worth planing plan. Their fiscal qualities for all the administrations are nearly high ( despite the fact that they don’t have matches in a similar industry ) contrasted with the other delight signifiers in the market. This is because of the administration quality. picture and to thwart rivals enter the market simple. The devotees are the current financial qualities appended to the administrations being given by Speed Drome: * Pro-Karting/Go-Karting ( 10 proceedingss ) †Rs. 750 * Happy Hours Karting ( each Tuesday 3pm-8pm ) †Rs. 500 * Swimming pool charges ( boundless ) per individual †Rs. 450 * Membership Benefits: * Membership free Rs. 15000 * Rs. 750 tickets for Rs. 500 * Kart mentor aggregate Rs. 1500 for Rs. 1000 * Members can use pool free. additional invitee with individuals charged just Rs. 250 each * 10 % value decrease for corporate group with to the full use of pool and delight nation. Moreover the race expenses. specific occasion expenses and creating program expenses are charged. 3. Topographic point The topographic point part of the selling blend is the place the customer gets the administration or where the administration is found. Speed Drome is Located in close propinquity to the Parliament Complex and Bhuddhadasa Play Ground. in Battaramulla. It has arranged itself around major metropoliss, for example, Colombo. Rajagiriya. Nugegoda and Pitakotte which are for the most part very private nations have all been thoroughly considered actually cautiously by Speed Drome bearing before building. This is to climb their imprint showcase which is in a general sense the upper class of network in light of the fact that in spite of the fact that the expense for siting a Go-Kart ( which is something extremely uncommon to make in Sri Lanka ) appears to be reasonable each piece far as the expense for keeping the Karts and hardware required spell. Sadly however for the majority of Sri Lankan’s the fiscal incentive to pay for such an encounter is incredibly irrational. The nation wherein the Arena ( or establishment ) has been based on is profoundly large and praises the Track great and to add to this the extravagant view environing the Speed Drome gives this way an alone vibe to it. Speed Dome’s area has one increasingly significant advantage which is that it’s just a push off non simply from the metropoliss environing it yet close to from other major metropoliss in the region like Colombo and Dehiwala and so on. Over all the assurance to develop Speed Drome where it is an exceptionally decent idea and vital move which has appeared and is yet to keep up conveyance in results. 4. Advancement Advancements have become a basic factor in the administration selling blend. Servicess are anything but difficult to be copied and subsequently it is all things considered the exchange name which separates an assistance from its contrary number. As referenced under the subject Place’ Speed Drome’s selling blend Carters to a chose segment. which is known as Niche selling. Its administration is tied in with providing diversion for the individuals who want the requirement for speed’ . What better way to pass on about this sheer experience which can be picked up at simply one topographic point in Sri Lanka other than propelling the administration? The undeniable competitory points of interest Speed Drome has are: * Service Differentiation The solitary establishment that gives karting involvement with Sri Lanka. * Image Differentiation Karts which are only accessible at Speed Drome in Sri Lanka and the special logo itself separate the administration gave. How Speed Drome breaks through to the customer The central point of Speed Drome is to do the potential customers great mindful about their new assistance. Thus the undermentioned strategies are mostly used to propel their administration * Weekly offered specific karting hours * Happy Hours’ Every Tuesday from 3pm-8pm ( Rs. 750 tickets at Rs. 500 ) ( Appendix 7 ) * Karting rivalries * Thank God its Race Day Competition ( Appendix 8 ) * All Island Karting Championship ( Appendix 9. 10 ) * Exhibition kart races of renowned people ( Appendix 11 ) * Publications * News Paper advertizements Ex-spouses: Daily Mirror. Sunday Times. Sunday Observer * Magazines Ex-spouses: Thingss to make in Colombo. Regard. Hey and so on. * Online Ad * Social web bunches Ex-spouse: The authority Facebook Group with most recent updates. Twitter and so forth.

Three Essays on Health Care free essay sample

This thesis has been inspired by the subject of how nations ought to ideally structure social insurance. Particularly, there are two significant monetary and arrangement questions solicited that stretch out past the region from wellbeing financial matters. The †¦rst is the manner by which the development of health care coverage inclusion aâ ¤ects the use and wellbeing of its bene†¦ciaries (broad edge); the second is the manner by which liberal should health care coverage be (concentrated edge) to adjust the arrangement of care and †¦nancial assurance against chance while containing clinical uses. The three sections in this paper expect to make experimental commitments to these progressing research questions. First Chapter, â€Å"The Eâ ¤ect of Patient Cost-Sharing on Utilization, Health and Risk Protection: Evidence from Japan† addresses the subsequent inquiry. It examines how cost-sharing, expecting patients to pay a portion of the expense of care, aâ ¤ects the interest for care, wellbeing itself, and hazard insurance among the older, the biggest shoppers of wellbeing administration. Past investigations of cost-sharing have had di? culty isolating the eâ ¤ect of cost-sharing on patients from the in†¡ uence of clinical suppliers and back up plans. This paper conquers that constraint by inspecting a sharp decrease in cost-sharing at age 70 in Japan in a relapse intermittence structure. I †¦nd that value flexibilities of interest for both inpatient affirmations and outpatient visits among the older are practically identical to earlier gauges for the nonelderly. I additionally †¦nd that the government assistance gain from chance insurance is generally little contrasted with the deadweight loss of program †¦nancing, proposing that the social expense of lower cost-sharing may exceed social bene†¦t. Taken together, this investigation shows that an expansion in cost-sharing might be accomplished without diminishing complete government assistance. Third Chapter, â€Å"E ¤ects of Universal Health Insurance on Health Care Utilization, Supply-Side Responses and Mortality Rates: Evidence from Japan† (with Ayako Kondo) address the †¦rst question. Despite the fact that most evolved nations have executed some type of general medical coverage, most investigations on the effect of the medical coverage inclusion have been restricted to speci†¦c subpopulations, for example, babies and youngsters, the older or poor people. We explore the eâ ¤ects of a monstrous extension in medical coverage inclusion on usage and wellbeing by analyzing the presentation of general health care coverage in Japan in 1961. We †¦nd that human services usage expands more than would be normal from past assessments of the flexibilities of individual-level changes in medical coverage status, for example, RAND Health Insurance Experiment in the US. The two parts tended to above spotlight on consumers’ motivators. Second part, â€Å"Supply-Induced Demand in Newborn Treatment: Evidence from Japan† (with Kiyohide Fushimi) looks at the motivations looked by clinical suppliers. Since clinical suppliers apply a solid in†¡ uence over the amount and sorts of medicalâ care requested, estimating the size of gracefully incited request (SID) has been a long-standing contention in wellbeing financial matters. In any case, past investigations may disparage the size of SID since it is experimentally di? religion to confine SID from other frustrating clinic practices, for example, changes in the determination of patients. We conquer these observational difficulties by concentrating on a speci†¦ c populace: in danger babies, and we measure the level of SID by misusing changes in repayment brought about by the presentation of the fractional imminent installment framework (PPS) in Japan, which makes a few systems moderately more pro†¦table than different strategies. We †¦nd that clinics react to PPS reception by expanding use and expanding their control of infant’ announced birth weight, which dissuades mines babies repayment and most extreme length of remain. We likewise †¦nd this prompted request generously builds medical clinic repayments without improving baby wellbeing, inferring that the extra cash spent has no similar wellbeing gains. Substance List of Figures iv List of Tables vii Acknowledgments xi Chapter 1. The Eâ ¤ect of Patient Cost-sharing on Utilization, Health and Risk Protection: Evidence from Japan 1. 1. Presentation 1. 2. Foundation 7 1. 3. Information and Identi†¦cation 15 1. 4. Usage Results 31 1. 5. Results on Bene†¦t 45 1. 6. Cost-Bene†¦t Analysis 52 1. 7. End 61 Chapter 2. Gracefully Induced Demand in Newborn Treatment : Evidence from Japan 85 2. 1. Presentation 85 2. 2. Foundation 92 I 2. 3. Information 97 2. 4. Estimation 102 2. 5. Control of Reported Birth Weight 104 2. 6. NICU use 109 2. 7. Wellbeing results and the size of the prompted request 116 2. 8. End 119 Chapter 3. Eâ ¤ects of Universal Health Insurance on Health Care Utilization, Supply-Side Responses, and Mortality Rates: Evidence from Japan 133 3. 1. Presentation 133 3. 2. Foundation 139 3. 3. Information 146 3. 4. Identi†¦cation Strategy 153 3. 5. Results Regarding Utilization 158 3. 6. Results opposite Supply-Side Response 162 3. 7. Results opposite Mortality Rates 166 3. 8. End 171 References 188 Appendix A. The Eâ ¤ect of Patient Cost-sharing on Utilization, Health and Risk Protection: Evidence from Japan A. 1. Induction of Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures ii 201 A. 2. Information Apendix 206 Appendix B. Gracefully Induced Demand in Newborn Treatment : Evidence from Japan 224 Appendix C. Eâ ¤ects of Universal Health Insurance on Health Care Utilization, Supply-Side Responses, and Mortality Rates: Proof from Japan 228 C. 1. Proof against the Crowding-out of Employment-based Health Insurance by the NHI 228 C. 2. Effect on Household Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditures iii 230 List of Figures 1. 1 Age Pro†¦le of Health Insurance Type 1. 2 64 Cost-Sharing Below 70 or more 70: Year 2008 as an Example 65 1. 3 Seasonality in Day of Birth in the Patient Survey Data 66 1. 4 Age Pro†¦le of Employment by Gender (1987†2007 CSLC) 67 1. 5 Age Pro†¦le of Outpatient Visits 68 1. 6 Age Pro†¦le of Outpatient Visits for Selected Diagnosis (log scale) 69 1. 7 Age Pro†¦le of Inpatient Admissions (log scale)â 70 1. 8 Age Pro†¦le of Inpatient Admissions with and without Surgery (log scale) 1. 9 71 Age Pro†¦le of Inpatient Admissions for Selected Diagnosis (log scale) 72 1. 10 Age Pro†¦le of Overall Mortality 73 1. 11 Distribution of Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure in 2007 74 1. 12 Age Pro†¦le of Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditures in 2007 75 iv 2 . 1 Length of Stay in NICU by Birth Weight Range 121 2. 2 Pre and Post PPS 122 2. 3 The Birth Distribution Pre and Post PPS 123 2. 4 McCrary’ thickness test (NICU emergency clinics post PPS) s 124 2. 5 Event-study Analysis: Change long of Stay in NICU 125 3. 1 National Time Series of Health Insurance Coverage Rates 173 3. 2 % of Population with no Health Insurance as of April 1956 3. 3 174 Scatter Plots of Changes in Per Capita GNP and Health Insurance Coverage Rate 175 3. 4 Time Series of Health Care Utilization 176 3. 5 Time Series of Per Capita Supply of Health Care 177 3. 6 Time Series of Age Speci†¦c Mortality Rates 178 3. 7 Eâ ¤ect of Health Insurance Coverage on Healthcare Utilization 179 3. 8 Eâ ¤ect of Health Insurance Coverage on Supply of Health Care 180 3. 9 Eâ ¤ect of Health Insurance Coverage on Age-Speci†¦c Mortality Rates 181 3. 10 Death Rates by Time to Full Implementation of the NHI 182 3. 11 Eâ ¤ect of Health Insurance Coverage on Mortality Rates by Treatable Diseases 183 v A. 1 Age Pro†¦les for First Time and Repeated Outpatient Visits 212 A. 2 Robustness of Results on Inpatient Admissions 213 A. 3 Age Pro†¦le for Inpatient Admissions for Selected Surgery (log scale) 214 A. 4 Age Pro†¦le for Cause-Speci†¦c Mortality 215 A. 5 Age Pro†¦les for Fraction in Good or Very Good Health 216 B. 1 The appropriation of universe of birth in 1995, 2000 and 2005 (750-1750 grams) 225 vi List of Tables vii 1. 1 Summary Statistics (Ages 65-75) 76 1. 2 Equation for Cost-Sharing Below or more Age 70 77 1. 3 Estimated Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditure every Month 78 1. 4 RD Estimates at Age 70 on Employment, and Family Structure 79 1. 5 RD Estimates at Age 70 on Outpatient Visits 80 1. 6 RD Estimates at Age 70 on Inpatient Admissions 81 1. 7 RD Estimates at Age 70 on Mortality 82 1. 8 RD Estimates at Age 70 on Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditure 83 1. 9 Welfare Gain from Risk Protection 84 2. 1 Hazard investigation: Year to reception of PPS 126 2. 2 Summary Statistics by medical clinic bunches 127 2. 3 Density Test 128 2. 4 NICU Utilization 129 2. 5 Robustness checks for length of remain in NICU 130 viii 2. 6 Mortality 131 2. 7 Treatment Intensity 131 2. 8 The size of the prompting 132 2. 9 Medical spending on different methods 132 3. 1 Mean of Dependent and Control Variables 184 3. 2 Robustness Checks for Utilization Outcomes 185 3. 3 Controlling for Pre-existing Trend: Utilization Outcomes 185 3. 4 Robustness Checks for Supply of Health Care 186 3. 5 Controlling for Pre-existing Trend: Supply of Health Care 186 3. 6 Robustness Checks for Age Specific Mortality 187 3. 7 Controlling for Pre-existing Trend: Age Specific Mortality 187 A. 1 Top 10 Diagnosis for Outpatient Visits, and Inpatient Admissions Power of RD Estimates on Outpatient Visits for Selected Outcomes 217 List of PQI (Ambulatory-Care-Sensitive Conditions) 219 A. 2 A. 3 ix 218 A. 4 Robustness of RD Estimates on Inpatient Admissions for Selected Outcomes 220 RD Estimates of Inpatient Admissions by Characteristics of Hospital 221 A. 6 RD Estimate at Age 70 on Morbidity 222 A. 7 Estimated Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditure every Month across Survey Years 223 B. 1 Log contrast in thickness for Figure B. 1 226 B. 2 Mo

FAQ for Freshman Applicants - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

FAQ for Freshman Applicants - UGA Undergraduate Admissions FAQ for Freshman Applicants It’s mid summer, and questions are beginning to flood in about UGA’s First Year admission process. Here are answers to some of our more frequently asked ones. I plan to apply Early Action. What is the last ACT/SAT exam date you will accept for Early Action (EA)? We will only be able to use SAT/ACT scores for tests taken by the October 15 EA deadline. For us to receive your scores in time, you must designate UGA as an automatic recipient when you register for the exam. We are fine with the SAT or ACT or both scores, and we superscore the individual exams, and use whichever test is strongest (see our post on UGA and test scores). Do I have to complete the essays if I am applying for Fall 2015 as a First Year student? It depends. Are you applying Early Action or Regular Decision? Early Action applicants do not have to complete the short essays, but Regular Decision and deferred Early Action applications will need to complete the short essays for admission. Click here to see this year’s essay topics. Regular Decision/Deferred Early Action also requires a teacher recommendation and allows you to submit your first term senior grades. When can I apply? There is early, and then there is late. The 2015 First Year application first becomes available on September 2. Please know that, while there is a HUGE penalty for missing our application and document deadlines, we give no admission benefit or prize for being among the first to submit the application. Take your time. (Just don’t wait until the week before the deadline when most mistakes are made!). All EA decisions will be released in late November or early December. The file completion deadlines for EA and RD will be one week after the application deadlines. How long does it take to fill out the application? Most students say it takes longer than they thought it would, so be encouraged by the fact that you don’t have to complete the application in one sitting. Once you create your UGA “ApplicantID”, you can save your work and come back later to complete the application and make any corrections. Warning: Once you agree to the UGA Honor Code and choose submit at the bottom of that final page, you cannot return to make changes or corrections to your application. As well, you need to complete a payment option (check/waiver or credit card) to finalize the submission of the application. What will I need when I sit at my computer to I apply? Great question! We suggest you put four documents in your UGA folder: (1) SSN card, (2) resume, (3) copy of your latest HS transcript, and (4) fee payment information. You absolutely must give us your correct Social Security Number (please proofread it). We ask you to list your honors, activities, leadership, and work experiences which you may have already collected for a resume. You need to accurately report the college prep curriculum you’re taking and the grades youve earned. And finally, to complete the application you must give us payment information, ideally for a credit card. Should I apply Early Action or Regular Decision? We can’t tell you which decision plan is right for you. That decision should be made by you with the help of your family and high school counselor. Read our Regular Decision vs. Early Action page here. Do my AP/IB grades count towards my GPA? When UGA recalculates your GPA from the self-reported grades on the application and a review of your transcript, we will add .5 to each AP grade, unless your school already adds points to your actual teacher grade (for instance, an 85 becomes a 95 on the transcript). We do not look at the GPA calculated on the HS transcript, but instead focus on the actual grades. We calculate the GPA based on grades in the areas of English, Math, Science, Social Sciences and Foreign Languages, and as well any AP/IB courses that are non-core (such as AP Computer Science or IB Theory of Knowledge). What if I am from Out-of-State and am not taking a fourth year of science in HS? The state of Georgia, and therefore UGA, are flexible for out-of-state students when it comes to the fourth science requirement. We will use a science course from the 8th grade if is a HS course, and as well there are a number of HS courses that can be used aside from the standard science courses (please see the states Staying on Course document). You also do not need to get us documentation of the 8th grade science course until you decide that you will enroll at UGA, and you would have it sent with a final HS transcript showing senior grades and a graduation date. I have heard a number of rumors about UGA admissions. What is true and what is not? The best way to learn about the myths that surround UGA, and as well the actual truth, is to go to our Top 10 Admissions Urban Legends page. We hope this FAQ helps. Please post any questions you have, and I will try to answer them as best as possible and update this page if needed. Go Dawgs!

Economic Factors That Affect Population Growth - 1676 Words

A Discussion of the Economic Factors that Affect Population Growth in Dubai This essay forms a discussion about the economic factors that affect population growth, in Dubai. According to McGinley (2013), there are two factors that contribute to population growth: high birth rates and immigration into a country. Births add more people to the country’s total population, thus increasing the total population. Deaths, on the other hand, reduce the population size, thus decreasing the total population. Further, immigration adds to the population, but emigration reduces the total population. This essay proceeds as follows. First, I outline the levels of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) and the factors that affect the birth and death rates. Second, I consider methods that other country’s (namely Germany and New Zealand) have established to control their total population. Third, I devote attention to the status of Dubai’s economy and how it has contributed to population growth. Finally, I draw this essay to a conclusion, summing the discuss ion within. A nation can experience a series of fluctuations in its total population. According to Barker et al. (2008), the DTM is composed of five stages (the high fluctuating, early expanding, late expanding, and low fluctuating and decline stage). The DTM model explains how birth and death rate changes over time; these changes are entirely dependent upon economic development. For instance, death rates drop rapidly as a country begins toShow MoreRelatedDemand Side Factors For The House Prices1493 Words   |  6 Pages Discuss the extent to which demand side factors as well as supply side factors are likely to influence house prices. Lauren Gurnaud Student Number: 3500136 MSc Real Estate – Real Estate Economics and Finance Module Contents Page 1. 1 Introduction 1. Introduction The housing market affects both consumers and economic stability, as it is a key component to the economy. 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Domestic Violence in All Types of Families - 2794 Words

Introduction Every nine seconds a woman is assaulted or beaten in the United States (Domestic Violence Statistics, 2013). Women between the ages of 20-24 are at a greater risk for abuse than any other age group.† (CITE). Domestic violence is a social problem that happens every day nationwide. For example, an estimated 1.3 million women are victims of physical assault each year (Domestic Violence Facts, 2007). This estimated number is just the instances of abuse that are reported by women to police each year. Many women do not report domestic violence to the police out of fear for many different reasons such as fear of being killed, increased violence, losing their children, not being financially stable, or not aware that there are resources available to them. Violence affects everyone regardless of race, socioeconomic status, background, and education level. There are many different ways that domestic violence can occur such as through partners/spouses male or female, teen dating, and same sex violence. â€Å"Nearly 1 in 5 teenage girls who have been in a relationship said a boyfriend threatened violence or self-harm if presented with a break up.† Domestic violence among men are underreported, men can also fall victim to domestic abuse by the hands of their female abuser. 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Attacked beaten, abused, killed these are sometimes words to describeRead MoreDomestic Violence on Women in Society1730 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic Violence on Women and girls in Society Tabinda Asghar Dow Institute of Nursing Abstract Violence alongside women and girls is a sign of previously uneven authority relations among men and women, which have led to command over and unfairness against women by men and to the avoidance of the full progression of women. These types of terrible actions against women and girls continues to be a global epidemic that kills, tortures, and wound- physically, psychologically, sexually and economicallyRead MoreDomestic Violence Is Not A New Phenomenon1547 Words   |  7 Pagesfeeling that women who suffer domestic violence faces. Domestic violence can be classified as a standard of behavior in any relationship which is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner. The abuse can be physical, sexual and emotional. Domestic violence is being a behavior problem which is used to establish power and control over another person through fear and intimidation, often including the threat or use of violence. Domestic violence is not a new phenomenon in theRead MoreDomestic Violence Awareness1353 Words   |  5 PagesDomestic Violence Awareness Each month 1 to 3 women will experience domestic violence or also known as intimate partner violence. These women stand a very high death rate than any other leading cause of death for women of all ages. It’s a crime and a problem that is more than likely never addressed like it should be. Most often these victims will not speak out on their abuse or attacks. â€Å"Everyday 3 or more women are murdered in a domestic violence attack by their boyfriends or husbands†(â€Å"Domestic

Disney Park Free Essays

Disney Theme Parks Case 1. What do you think motivated Disney to set up parks abroad, and what might be the pros and cons from the standpoint of the Walt Disney Company? The reason behind Disney’s motivation to set up theme parks abroad were mostly because of business opportunities. Based on how successful the Disney Theme Park is in the United States and the attraction they are gaining from foreigners, the management probably realized that it is time to consider entering the global market. We will write a custom essay sample on Disney Park or any similar topic only for you Order Now By doing this, it would mean an increase of sales for the company. This is somehow a form of advertisement for people to buy their products and even to attract more and more consumers. Opening another theme park in a different country would also contribute to the survival of the company should their theme park in the United States lower in sales. On the other hand, for the cons, one is concerning the cultural factors that may hinder the company from doing business in other countries. A good example would be the concerns in Paris. They feared that putting up a Disney Theme Park in their country might destroy their own culture. Another con would probably be the area where the park would be best put up. In other words, which area the theme park should be placed that would be profitable. Transportation is another factor as well as competition from other theme parks abroad. 2. Why do you suppose Disney made no financial investment in Japan, one of $140 million in France, and then one of over $300 million in Hong Kong? Disney made no financial investment in Japan because they were considering the risks of building one. They probably think that it might not be as profitable or that putting up a Disney Theme Park in Japan would outweigh the cons than the benefits. Paris, like what was mentioned in the case, is the most visited European City and the French are the largest European consumers of Disney Products. This is the reason why Disney invested in Paris. Also they were getting a lot of support from the country’s government. And with their help, they would be able to get investors. According to the case, the reason why Disney invested only $140 million to take 49% of the ownership in a $5 billion worth of operation was due to the problems they have encountered before, which is the fear of France’s culture to be destroyed. So what Disney did was to add attractions that would cater to French tastes and agreeing to make French the first language in the park. Aside from France, Disney also invested in Hong Kong. The case states that Disney is interested in Asia since it accounts for about half the world’s population and is becoming affluent enough that more people can afford to take trips and pay for leisure activities. They chose Hong Kong not only for their infrastructure, but also because it is Asia’s largest tourist destination. In addition, the families that live in Hong Kong are those with higher family incomes than mainland Chinese cities. Soon after, the two agreed to a joint venture that included 57% ownership by the Hong Kong government and the remaining by Disney. 3. What factors in the external environment have contributed to Disney’s success, failure, and adjustments in foreign them park operations? There are many factors in the external environment that contributed both to Disney’s success and failure. For the factors that contributed to the success, one would probably be Disney’s already popular reputation, which helped them in entering the global market easily. Another is their strategy of focusing on countries that would ensure and give them better business opportunities. Another factor to be considered is the government support they are getting. As for the factors that contributed to their failure, one that is mentioned in the case is that they encounter problems concerning the culture of other countries. Another example would be the almost downfall of Euro Disney when their shares went down to 39% and the general public to 36%. This is probably due to the high prices and their no-alcohol policy. Another factor that contributed to their failure is the climate. Some countries were just too cold to attract visitors. 4. Should Disney set up a park in Shanghai? If so, what types of operating adjustments might it make there? It is not advisable for Disney to put up a theme park in Shanghai. One of the major reasons is competition. The case states that China has built more than 2000 amusement parks, ranging from lavish to shoddy. Although most of them have not done well, putting up a Disney Theme Park would not necessarily mean that it would eliminate its competitors. In addition, China’s one child per family policy may hinder the success of Disney. The visitors of Disney Theme Parks are mostly children, and if the number is lacking, it would also probably mean lack of visitors. Another reason is that if Disney puts up a theme park in Shanghai, there would be few customers since there is also a Disney theme park in Hong Kong. How to cite Disney Park, Essay examples

New Generation with Smoking Adult Behaviour

Question: Describe about the New Generation with Smoking for Adult Behaviour. Answer: In this section, the researcher has focused to the social, genetic, interpersonal and the environmental factors in order to initiate and maintain smoking among the new generation individuals. Social factors: This section tried to highlight the necessary question of why the young generation has started to use tobacco after a certain age. As per the statement of Bier et al. (2013), it can be stated that the risk factors connected with the development of the using of tobacco can reflect the characteristics of adolescence of the young. In this connection, it can be stated that adolescence could represent the social transition towards the adulthood. As a result, the risk taking association can obtain the adult behaviours. In addition, Brown, Platt and Amos (2014) mentioned that as the mentality of the young generation is not developed and they are quite immature, therefore, they do not able to take impulsive decisions before the adulthood. On the contrary, it can be demonstrated that peer group influences the young generation as the strong motivators (Bunnell et al. 2014). They can effectively highlight the behavioural change of the young generation. This group effectively change the mentalit y of the young generation and they started to use tobacco. This section is helpful to identify the social and the environmental factors, which influence the use of tobacco to the younger generation. According to Brown, Platt and Amos (2014), it can be added that as the smokers have been suffering from several risks, therefore, some of them thought to quit to use of tobacco. Nevertheless, Dauphinee et al. (2013) argued that very less amount of tobacco users actually leave the use of tobacco. The reason can be discussed as there are several social barriers the younger smokers face; they would not be able to quit the use of tobacco. In this purpose, Dietz et al. (2013) mentioned that the social factors are such as the young generations tried to follow the footsteps of the peer groups, actors, singers and the pop stars. Their behaviour, their action positively influence the young generation. As a result, it can be mentioned that the young generation start to smoke in order to follow themselves. After that they are getting addicted with this habit. On the other hand, DiFranza (2012) added that the young generation believe that smoking can make them cool in front of their friends. In addition, it can be stated that the media channels also highly influence the young generation. The advertisement of using of cigarette has an adverse impact on the youth (Dube et al. 2013). Moreover, it can be stated that the television show and the movies have a positive impact in order to develop the connection among the use of tobacco and glamour. However, it can be observed that the tobacco industry does not agree that they are targeting the youth, but the advertisement of smoking of cigarette attract the young generation (Duke et al. 2014). Genetic factors: As per the opinion of Dube et al. (2012), the genetics factors have a positive impact on the using of tobacco by the young generation. In this purpose, it can be stated that if the family members of young have the habit of smoking, it will be directly reflect the young. By observing the parental, siblings and the peer smokers, the young generation get the inspiration of smoking (Durkin, Brennan and Wakefield 2012). In addition, it can be stated that the parents or the siblings smoke in front of the young or in the social place. Therefore, the young members of the family thought that they could smoke in this age. As a result, these young members would try to smoke and this would make them addicted after a certain time (Farrelly et al. 2013). Hence, it can be inferred that the genetic factors can be influenced by the heritability smoking. This would in turn make the new smokers to the addicted smokers. According to Freedman (2012), the parents of those children smoke more than twice in a day, then there is a possibility that the young members will start to smoke in the future. In statistical terms, it can be mentioned that there is a positive correlation and therefore, it can be stated that the there is a positive impact of the parental smokers to the young ones. Firstly, it can be mentioned that heritable nature reflects the adolescent to find out the definite peer group (Frohlich et al. 2012). Moreover, it can be stated that adolescents choose the deviant peer class who are willing to smoke. They influenced from the genetic characteristics. Secondly, it can be mentioned that the nature of the adolescent can effectively change the choice. Therefore, it can be mentioned that adolescent will engage the with the specific group of peers and then the peer group ask for the membership of the definite individuals due to the nature of the personality as well as the cognitive nature, hered ity nature. In addition, Garrett et al. (2013) opined that nonshared environment affect not to contribute to the correlation among the adolescent peer class and the young smokers. In this purpose, it can be observed that both the shared and the nonshared determinants make an impact between the connections of young smokers and the peer smokers. Interpersonal factors: In the words of Gellert et al. (2013), the practice of serving in the field of military is seemed to a risk determinants for the using of tobacco. Hence, it can be mentioned that this practice used to play an important role in case of the initiation of smoking among the young generation. In addition, it can be observed that after joining in the military field, most of them have started to smoke. The aged militaries also influence to the new joiners to use tobacco. Moreover, Grana and Ling (2014) added that sometimes in order to reduce the mental stress of the new joiners in the field of military, they used to start to smoke. Based on the surveys of health behaviours in the field of military, there is a connection between the peer group and the young generations. Due to the interpersonal difficulty, depression along with the lower ego is connected with the rise the risk of being the experimental smokers. This will in turn effectively turn the experimental smokers into the addicted one. In this context, Hammond et al. (2012) mentioned that in order to cope up with the internal distress, the young members also started to smoke. It can be observed that the smokers are highly anxious compared to the non smokers candidates. In a nutshell, it can be mentioned that interpersonal determinants considers the communication with the family and the peer groups. In this purpose, it can be added that interpersonal factors are directly correlated with the type of the interpersonal behaviour (Henriksen 2012). This research is able to relate with the interior locus of control, lower rate of self control, stronger approach to identify the dissatisfaction level of the definite risk determinants of smoking. As a result, it can be mentioned that this would raise the propensity to the both peer pressure and the peer influence (Hiscock et al. 2012). This section is helpful to identify the connection between the interpersonal and the interpersonal determinants on young generations cigarette smoking. Moreover, it can be observed that males, who are older, are willing to smoke or are willing to take tobacco. This is not happened in case of female smokers (Huang et al. 2014). Environmental factors: As per the statement of Jha and Peto (2014), the cancer council of NSW investigate reflect the two relative environmental determinants on the smoking behaviour of young generation. In this purpose, the socio and demographic and the environmental influencers allow the peer environmental factors. Moreover, it can be mentioned that the environmental determinants influence the biological nature of the individual smokers. According to Johnston et al. (2012), it can be stated that the informational environment and the legislative policy influence the pricing and the accessibility of tobacco and nicotine. On the other hand, it can be added that the broader environment affect the skills and the predictions, valuation and the estimations, which in turn reflect the definite attitudes and the beliefs of the youth (Krauth 2012). In the point of Levy, de Almeida and Szklo (2012), environmental factors are connected with the oral hygiene, exploration of the oral pathogens. Figure 1: Influential environmental factors (Source: Levy, Mumford and Pesin, 2014) In this connection, it can be stated that the environmental factors are the acceptability and the available tobacco goods, interpersonal factors and the predicted environmental factors. Therefore, it can be stated that it is the combination of the social, genetic and the interpersonal factors. In this regard it can be mentioned that in order to make themselves cool in front of the friends, the youth started to smoke (Linetzky et al. 2012). They thought, by doing this the impression of them will be effectively increased. Moreover, they tried to follow the footsteps and the actions of the leaders, film stars. On the other hand, it can be stated that the smoking behaviour of the parents of the youth and the senior siblings in the social medium, make a positive influence on the young generation (MacKintosh, Moodie and Hastings 2012). In addition, the advertisement regarding the use of cigarette, enhance the willingness of the youth. In the name of experiment of smoking, they are getting addicted by this habit. In order to discuss the interpersonal factors, Mantler (2013) opined that in order to get rid of depression, sometimes the youth tried to smoke. This is also the reason to make them addicted of taking of tobacco. On the other hand, Mons et al. (2015) highlighted that the cultural environment also influence the youth to start to smoke. Social factors influence the perception of new generation: As per the statement of Mons et al. (2015), it can be also stated that youth perceive that the nature of smoking can make them cool. However, it can be stated that smoking has a bad impact on the smokers, more specifically the young generation. From the perception of new generations smoking, it can be identified that with the rise in time, the youth may suffer from the problem of cough or throat infections (Morris 2012). In addition, the smokers also faced the problem of decaying of teeth. The smokers also face the problem of breathing trouble. The smokers may also suffer from the problem of allergy. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that the ban of cigarette purchase reduce the profitability of the cigarette manufacturing company will be reduced. As a result, his will in turn reduce the income statement of the workers of the cigarette manufacturing company. Therefore, Mzayek et al. (2012) mentioned that the economical position of the company will be decreased. Moreover, in order to identify the social impact on the health status of the new generation smokers, it can be identified that as they do not have the habit of smoking, they face the issue of throat diseases. Furthermore, it can be added that the taste and smell of the foods, which they eat, will be reduced. In addition, Nagelhout et al. (2012) added that the non smokers also feel disturbed. They cannot tolerate the smell of cigarettes. They also suffer from the throat diseases. In this purpose, it can be added that the cigarette smoking is also harmful for the pregnant women and the children. The unborn babies will b e affected by this smoke (Newcomb et al. 2014). Smoking habit reduce the athletics capability. This habit increases the problem of asthma. The stomach of the smokers will be affected. Cigarette smoking directly affects the respiratory organs of the smokers. They may suffer from the disease like bronchitis. According to Nikaj and Chaloupka (2013), most of the smokers will suffer from the heart diseases. Therefore, it can be mentioned that the smokers need to smoke in the particular smoking zone. They do not require to smoke in the public place or in front of the patients, children or in front of any pregnant women or non smoker person. So that they do not require to feel disturb (Nonnemaker et al. 2013). Moreover, it can be mentioned that the youth also require to smoke limited, so that they do not get addicted with this habit. Genetic factors influence the perception of new generation: As per the statement of Pearson et al. (2014), epidemiological studies highlighted that there is an interrelationship between the genetic factors and it has a positive influence on the young smokers. In this connection, it can be stated that the genetic components play a significant role and therefore, it can be identified that there is a 40% to 60% risk to be addicted (Pierce, White and Emery 2012). Firstly, it can be mentioned that there is a possibility as genome is related with the consumption of tobacco. As a result, the young generation smokers may suffer from the lung cancer. This analysis has aimed to discuss that the genetic contribution can emphasis the role of the atmosphere to initiate and maintain the nature of cigarette smoking (Primack et al. 2013). As a result, it can be mentioned that the complexity of the estimation for analyse the difficulties and the several interrelationships among the genes and the surroundings. On the other hand, it can be stated that the role of heredity or the smoking addiction behaviour will be continued through the major aspects to initiate and maintain the nature of the smokers along with the quitting of smoking behaviour. In addition, Robertson et al. (2014) opined that this study has focused a higher rate of concordance in the connection with nature with smoking between the monozygotic twins and the dizygotic twins. Moreover, it can be observed that the greater classification of phenotypes and the other statistical theories reflects a positive impact on the genome. Hence, it can determine the smoking phenotype of the young generation (Samet 2013). In the country like Australia, it can be observed that there is a strong relation between the adopted young smokers and the biological siblings, more specifically it can be specified that there is a connection between the female smokers and the biological mothers. Hence, it can be mentioned that the role of heredity can red uce the relative necessity of the behavioural change (Schuck et al. 2012). Genetic variation is helpful to estimate the biological variation based on the smoking dependence, as this study is helpful to understand the role of neurotransmitter and can also evaluate the rewarding impact of nicotine. Therefore, Tan and Glantz (2012) mentioned that this study is beneficial to discuss the connection between dopamine regulating genes and the dependence on nicotine. In addition, it can be mentioned that nicotine has a positive impact on the secretion of serotonin. In this connection, it can be mentioned that secretion of serotonin can change the mood as it is connected with the smoking abstinence (Tanski et al. 2012). Interpersonal factors influence the perception of new generation: In the words of Tauras, Huang and Chaloupka (2013), the youth smokers are influenced to smoke by the psychological factors like personal factors and the interpersonal factors. The interpersonal factors are such as the type and manner of smoking, frequency of smoking within the family and the society as it is important to identify the behaviour of the youth smokers (Thun et al. 2013). On the other hand, it can be mentioned that when the youth are suffering from the depression or the frustration, they used to start smoke. They believe that cigarette smoking can reduce their depression at that moment and they can feel better. According to Veeranki et al. (2014), this concept does not exist in reality. This is only the feelings of the smokers as they think nicotine can control the nerve. However, the doctors stated that cigarette smoking is able to reduce the depression. It is a psychological issue, which can be reduced only by the psychologists (Veeranki et al. 2015). On the contrary, by believing this myth, the youth are getting addicted with this habit and tried to reduce their depression by cigarette smoking. Environmental factors influence the perception of new generation: According to Wilson et al. (2012), cigarette smoking not make an adverse impact on the smokers, it also affect the environment. As a result, it can be stated that the air, water and the land is polluted. In addition, it can be mentioned that production of smoking also makes a negative impact on the environment. In this connection, it can be stated that cigarette smoking has an indirect effect on the environment, whereas it affect directly to the environment. In order to identify that how cigarette affect the air, Yoruk and Yoruk (2013) mentioned that there are approximately 4000 chemicals are present. During the time of smoking, these chemicals are coming out by breathing and mixed with the air. After the survey, it can be observed that in the developing countries, the air pollution due to this reason is comparatively higher (Zeldin, Camino and Calvert 2012). Therefore, it can be inferred that in case of larger population country, the air is polluted highly for this issue. Tauras, Huang and Chaloupka (2013) added that cigarette smoking not only pollute the air, it also pollute the land and the water. It can be observed that most of the times, the cigarette butts are left on the ground. After that these butts are going to the rivers or in the lakes. As a result, it can be stated that the water bodies and the fishes are highly affected with the smoke of the cigarette butts (Zeldin, Camino and Calvert 2012). Therefore, it can be stated that by mistakes, these cigarette butts are eaten by the fishes and they died from these objects. In addition, it can be stated that these cigarette butts can reduce the fertility of the soil (Tan and Glantz 2012). As a result, the quality of the crops will be decreased. The decomposition capacity of the soil will decrease. The cultivating capacity of land also reduced. In order to discuss the interaction characteristics, Samet (2013) mentioned that the group of the young generation would like to talk about the brand of the cigarette. It can be observed that these youths are the brand seekers. Therefore, they are talking regarding the brand of the cigarettes, which they use. On the other hand, the youth think that cigarette smoking in this age is adventurous to them (Pierce, White and Emery 2012). In order to get the feeling of this adventure, youth would like to talk about their experience towards their friends. In this purpose, they also added how they influence for smoking. Some of them stated that they have influenced from their favourite actors. On the other hand, some of them mentioned that they have influenced from their parents, relatives or from the other siblings. Moreover, Nikaj and Chaloupka (2013) identified that some of them have influenced from the advertisement of cigarette in the television. Therefore, the youth is generally talking about in their social community regarding smoking. By knowing the bad impact of smoking on the health of the youth, they tried to find out and discuss about the benefit of this habit in their community. In the words of Morris (2012), smoking can reduce the risk of knee replacement surgery. As per the report of University of Adelaide in Australia, it can be stated that the use of tobacco and nicotine is helpful to prevent the cartilage and the joint deterioration. In addition, it can be stated that smoking can reduce the possibility of occurring of the Parkinsons disease (Mantler 2013). Most of the research finds that there is a negative relationship between the cigarette smoking and the Parkinsons disease. As a result, the youth have studied that long term smoking can avoid this type of disease (MacKintosh, Moodie and Hastings 2012). The journal of Neurology has published that number of periods of smoking as the protective power. In this connection, the Harvard researcher has found that a certain rate of smoking can effectively preve nt the Parkinsons disease. In the words of Levy, Mumford and Pesin (2014), smoking can lowering down the risk of obesity. Taking of tobacco and nicotine can effectively make the smokers thinner. As per study of the psychologists, it can be mentioned that smoking can prevent the gaining of weights of the smokers. Nevertheless, Levy, de Almeida and Szklo (2012) argued that the smokers do not require to be addicted. Addiction towards smoking will affect the health of the young smokers. On the other hand, it can be stated that the connection between the smoking and the control of weight of the smokers is complex to understand (Krauth 2012). It is known that nicotine itself reacts as the stimulant as well as the appetite suppressant. As a result, most of the time, the smokers feel the taste of the foods less tasty and reluctant the willingness to have the foods. From this point, the weight of the smokers can be reduced. However, Jha and Peto (2014) questioned that this eating of less foods is not good for health of the smokers. In addition, it can be added that nicotine appetite appears and acts as a part of the brain, which is called hypothalamus. Although excessive smoking habit is not good for health, it can fruitfully control the weight of the smokers by accompanying the toxic baggage. Moreover, the youth identified that smoking habit can sometimes reduce the risk of death after the heart attacks. As per the opinion of Henriksen (2012), it can be demonstrated that in the comparison with the non smokers, the smokers have had heart attacks by having the lower mortality rate. As per the study of heart journal, which was published in the year of 2005, highlighted that as the smokers have been suffering from the heart diseases, therefore, they can survive from the heart attack from the non smokers. Furthermore, it can be stated that there is also a negative relationship between the endometrial cancer and the smoking. As per the statement of Grana and Ling (2014), smoking is effectively connected with the risk factors of endometrial cancer. Hence, it can be mentioned that the women, who have the habit of smoking, can effectively reduce the risk for the uterine fibroids (Freedman 2012). Development of the endometrial cancer is effectively reflected by the exploration of the oestrogen hormone. This protection will in turn work like the anti oestrogenic impact in cigarette smoking. Current smoking policies in Australia: After analysing the negative impact of cigarette smoking, this study is also helpful to discuss the current smoking control policies, which can influence the new generation in Australia with the smoking habits. As per the Federal law of Australia, it banned smoking in case of the commonwealth government development, public transport, national and international airports (DiFranza 2012). As it can be already discussed that cigarette smoking in the public place has a negative impact on the others, therefore, the smokers do not require to smoke in front of the public. They may feel irritated. Moreover, Brown, Platt and Amos (2014) opined that recently the Australian territories have banned smoking in the vehicles in front of the children or in front of the pregnant women. In this connection, it can be mentioned that most of the restaurants and the multinational organisations have planned to ban cigarette in the premises. The smokers can give the permission to smoke in a special smoking z one. Brown, Platt and Amos (2014) added that as per the recent report it can be observed that cigarette will not be sold to the persons, whose age is under 18 years. Furthermore, it can be mentioned that the Government of Australia has made some effective laws and practices on the using of electronic cigarettes as it do not emit smoke. Hence, the non smokers will not be affected and will not be irritated by the smokers. In January, 2016, Government of Australia has taken some effective laws and regulations against the youth smokers. In this connection, DiFranza (2012) mentioned that within 10 metres of childrens play equipment, the youth will not give the permission to smoke. The smokers will not be allowed to smoke in the sports ground or in the recreational region. In addition, it can be stated that in the swimming pool complexes, the smokers can not smoke (Durkin, Brennan and Wakefield 2012). Moreover, it can be mentioned that the youth smokers can not smoke in the overcrowded places such as railway platforms, light rail stations, taxi ranks, metro station and the taxi ranks etc. Furthermore, the youth will not give the permission to smoke within four metres of a pedestrian accessing point. According to Freedman (2012), it can be stated that the restaurants in Australia also require to have a special smoking zone, so that the youth can smoke in this separate zone. As a result, it can be stated that the smokers will also willing to go to the restaurant. Therefore, the business of the restaurant will not be decreased. In this connection, the restaurant owner also requires to get a licence for making a separate smoking zone (Grana and Ling 2014). On the other hand, in order to reduce the nature of cigarette smoking among the youth, the Australian government aimed. In this connection, it can be stated that the anti smoking organisers can make the people aware about the adverse impact of smoking on health. In addition, how the smokers will be affected by cigarette smoking will be discussed. On the other hand, Henriksen (2012) mentioned that the adult smokers require to stop smoking in front of the young members as young members are influenced by the habit of the adult. In addition, it can be mentioned that adult smokers needs to understand the negative impact of cigarette smoking and then the adult requires to quit the habit. Moreover, the smokers can use the e-cigarette. In the words of Jha and Peto (2014), electronic cigarette is a hand held electronic apparatus, which is able to vaporize the flavour of the liquid nicotine. In case of e-cigarette, there is lower rate of risk. They may not suffer from the serious diseases. Possible future policies in Australia: As per the statement of Krauth (2012), in order to reduce the nature of cigarette smoking of the young generation, the government of Australia has planned that they will impose charge on the cost of cigarette. In addition, it can be also mentioned that in case of smoking in public place, the youth smokers will be penalised (Levy, Mumford and Pesin 2014). By doing these, it can be mentioned that the youth will not want to be penalised. As a result, they will be forced to reduce the rate of smoking. On the other hand, government of Australia has planned to reduce the price of the e-cigarette. As a result, in this purpose it can be inferred that the smokers will be able to afford the price of this type of cigarette consumption. This will in turn reduce the risk of occurring serious health diseases. Moreover, Levy, de Almeida and Szklo (2012) added that the tobacco manufacturing companies will be allowed to produce a certain quantity of products. Moreover, the government of Australia has also planned to ban cigarette smoking in the working place. Cigarette smoking in the working place will influence to the other workers to smoke. In this essence, the management of the organisations will need to take effective steps, so that the workers will not get the permission to smoke in the public place. However, if the employees will smoke within the organisation, they will get strict punishment, so that he will not try to smoke in that place. In this context, MacKintosh, Moodie and Hastings (2012) put that the other staffs will also not try to smoke. On the other hand, in order to reduce the air pollution, water pollution of the country, the government has planned to develop to quit of smoking plan. In this connection, government can build an organisation, which will be able to motivate the youths to quit of cigarette smoking (Mantler 2013). This organisation will also require to take a behavioural therapy. This behavioural therapy will be helpful to understand the bad impact of cigarette and how the youth can quit this habit. The experts will help to the youth to leave the habit. Furthermore, it can be added that government of Australia can also ban the advertisement of cigarettes, which are used to telecast in the television. According to Morris (2012), by ignoring this policy, government can take necessary legal steps against that particular channel. As a result, the media or channels will be concerned regarding the punishment, and they will not advertise of the promotion of cigarette brand. Hence, the youth will not be able t o get the information regarding the brand of the cigarette (Nikaj and Chaloupka 2013). This will effectively reduce the trend of the cigarette smoking of the young generations. References Bier, M.C., Schmidt, S.J., Shields, D., Zwarun, L., Sherblom, S., Primack, B., Pulley, C. and Rucker, B., 2013. School-based smoking prevention with media literacy: A pilot study.Journal of Media Literacy Education,2(3), p.1. Brown, T., Platt, S. and Amos, A., 2014. Equity impact of European individual-level smoking cessation interventions to reduce smoking in adults: a systematic review.The European Journal of Public Health,24(4), pp.551-556. Brown, T., Platt, S. and Amos, A., 2014. 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